Values, variables and literals
- Variables
- var a ; << Default value of a is undefined and behave as false
- undefined + numeric = NaN
var a; a+2 => NaN - var a; if(!a) alert("hi"); => alert("hi");
- use of undeclared variable result in ReferenceError exception.
- Global variables
- Global variables are infact properties of global objects. eg window in web pages and can be accessed as window.variable
- Constants
- const prefix = '212' ; // Read only variables
- Concatenation
- using + operator
"32" + " is a number" => "32 is a number" - toString()
- var a = 32; a.toString() => "32"
- Type conversion
- unary operator + will convert the right hand side operand to int
- +document.getElementById("div0").value
- 23 == +"23" => true
- parseInt() , parseFloat()
- literals
- Array
- var arr = [2, 3 , , "dfd", ]
- length: 4 // last trailing comma is ignore.
- empty place will be treated as undefined
- Important link:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Predefined_Core_Objects - Object
var foo = {a: "alpha", 2: "two"}; console.log(foo.a); // alpha console.log(foo[2]); // two //console.log(foo.2); // Error: missing ) after argument list //console.log(foo[a]); // Error: a is not defined console.log(foo["a"]); // alpha console.log(foo["2"]); // two - Enumerating all properties of an object
- for..in loops
- for(var key in obj) console.log( obj[key] );
- Object.keys(o) => returns an array of keys
- var arrKeys = Object.keys(obj); console.log( obj[arrKeys[0] );
- Object.getOwnPropertyNames(o) => returns array of values
- Iterator and Generator
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Iterators_and_Generators
- Defining getters and setters
- defined using object initializers, or
- added later to any object at any time using a getter or setter adding method
- get : https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/get?redirectlocale=en-US&redirectslug=JavaScript%2FReference%2FOperators%2Fget
- For deleting get/set use delete
Class ,oops
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Details_of_the_Object_Model
- Inheritance
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Inheritance_Revisited
Using call to invoke an anonymous function
In this purely constructed example, we create anonymous function and use
call to invoke it on every object in an array. The main purpose of the anonymous function here is to add a print function to every object, which is able to print the right index of the object in the array. Passing the object as this value was not strictly necessary, but is done for explanatory purpose.var animals = [
{species: 'Lion', name: 'King'},
{species: 'Whale', name: 'Fail'}
];
for (var i = 0; i < animals.length; i++) {
(function (i) {
this.print = function () {
console.log('#' + i + ' ' + this.species + ': ' + this.name);
}
this.print();
}).call(animals[i], i);
}References:
- Core Objects : https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Predefined_Core_Objects
- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide
